Image: https://fuelcellscars.com/Fuel_Cells_All_About_How_Do_They_Work.htm
Utility Dive has an article by Eric Walz about the development of hydrogen fuel cells. Like battery technology, all the research and development work seems to be happening in Asia.
There are 42 hydrogen refueling stations in California. Cars are available, with used ones selling for low prices. https://www.energy.ca.gov/publications/2025/joint-agency-staff-report-assembly-bill-126-2024-annual-assessment-hydrogen
I think it is fair to say we are in the early stages of development, but if you drive only close to the small network of refueling stations it is possible today to buy and drive a hydrogen car. I found one model each from Honda, Toyota, and Hyundai.
Here is a link to the article about GM and Honda:
Honda dissolving its fuel cell system partnership with GM
Here is the last paragraph:
“Along with Honda, Hyundai Motor is also developing fuel cell technology as part of its long-term electrification strategy. Last April at the Seoul Mobility Show 2025, the automaker unveiled an all-new version of its NEXO fuel cell crossover. A global launch is planned for early 2026, but Hyundai did not say if its new hydrogen-powered SUV would be offered in the U.S.”
Great catch on the geographic pattern here. What's intresting is this isn't just about infrastructure anymore but longterm industrial strategy. Asian automakers seem comfortable betting on hydrogen alongside batteries, while US makers are going all-in on one path. Watched something similar happpen with hybrid tech back in the day.
For a long time I naively assumed hydrogen was going to be the answer - a plentiful substance that only leaves water dripping out your exhaust pipe. Unfortunately the storage and transport complexities of hydrogen mean it's unlikely to ever see widespread adoption, in my opinion.